Obesity Reviews
Diagnostic in Obesity and Complications
M. E. S. Maciel Santos 1 , J. R. Laureano Filho 1 , J. M. Campos 2 and E. M. Ferraz 2
1 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dentistry College of Pernambuco, University of Pernambuco, Camaragibe, 2 Division of General Surgery and Obesity Surgery, University Hospital of the Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
Correspondence to Dr JR Laureano Filho, Dentistry College of Pernambuco, University of Pernambuco, Av. Gal. Newton Cavalcanti, 1650, Tabatinga, Camaragibe, Pernambuco, Brazil, CEP 54753-220. E-mail: laureano@pq.cnpq.br
Copyright Journal compilation © 2010 International Association for the Study of Obesity
ABSTRACT
Obstructive sleep apnoea-hypopnoea syndrome (OSAHS) is a complex disease with a multifactor aetiology. OSAHS is strongly associated with obesity, but there are many other clinical risk factors, such as the dentofacial characteristics of hard and soft tissues, hyoid bone position, neck circumference, upper airway spaces and nasal respiration. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out involving 13 patients (one man and 12 women) with severe obesity in order to evaluate specific physical dentofacial characteristics through a cephalometric examination. Cephalometry was analysed using 29 measurements of the hard and soft tissues of the craniofacial structures and dimensions of the upper airways. The demographic data revealed a mean body mass index of 48 ± 6.26 kg m−2 and cervical circumference of 43 ± 3.69 cm. No patient exhibited important facial asymmetry and facial types 1 (normal) and 3 (mandible forward) were the most prevalent. Septal deviation was observed in 46% of patients. The most prevalent modified Mallampati index score was between 3 and 4, while grade 1 was the most prevalent tonsillar hypertrophy index score (46%). Cephalometry revealed angular and linear measurements with normally acceptable values for the hard tissues. Obese patients seem to have a normal craniofacial structure and the risk of developing OSAHS is especially related to obesity.
Received 2 November 2009; revised 18 December 2009; accepted 22 December 2009
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